MA-COM-MAPS-010145-TR0500
| Part # | MA-COM-MAPS-010145-TR0500 |
Download  | MA-COM-MAPS-010145-TR0500 |
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Features
Functional Schematic
•
4 Bit Digital Phase Shifter
•
360° Coverage with LSB = 22.5°
•
Integrated CMOS Driver
•
Serial or Parallel Control
•
Low DC Power Consumption
•
Minimal Attenuation Variation over Phase Shift
Range
•
50 Ω
Impedance
•
EAR99
•
Lead
–
Free 4 mm 24
–
Lead PQFN Package
•
RoHS* Compliant
V
CC
(+5 V)
V
EE
(-5 V)
24 23 22 21 20
19
0.1
µF
0.1
µF
1
2
3
4
5
6
18
17
16
15
14
13
6-Bit
Phase Shifter
P/S
SER
OUT
GND
GND
GND
RF
IN
GND
GND
See
Detail
RF
OUT
GND
7
8
9 10
11 12
•
Bidirectional
Applications
Phase Shifter Detail
•
Aerospace & Defense
•
Wireless Networking & Communication…
RF
IN
RF
OUT
-22.5 deg.
-45 deg.
-90 deg.
-180 deg.
Description
The MAPS
–
010145 is a GaAs pHEMT 4
–
bit digital
phase shifter with an integrated CMOS driver in a
4 mm PQFN plastic surface mount package. Step
size is 22.5° providing phase shift from 0° to 360° in
22.5° steps. This design has been optimized to
minimize variation in attenuation over the phase shift
range.
Pin Configuration
2
1
2
V
EE
13
GND
RF
OUT
GND
P/S
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
The MAPS
–
010145 is ideally suited for use where
high phase accuracy with minimum loss variation
over the phase shift range are required. The 4 mm
PQFN package provides a smaller footprint than is
typically available for a digital phase shifter with an
internal driver. Typical applications include
communications antennas and phased array radars.
3
GND
GND
RF
IN
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
4
GND
5
SER
OUT
V
CC
6
7
D6
8
D5
Ordering Information
1
9
D4
Part Number
Package
10
11
12
D3 or LE
D2 or CLK
D1 or SER
IN
MAPS
–
010145
–
TR0500
MAPS
–
010145
–
001SMB
500 piece reel
Sample Test Board
2. The
exposed pad centered on the package bottom must be
connected to RF, DC and thermal ground.
1. Reference
Application Note M513 for reel size information.
* Restrictions on Hazardous Substances, compliant to current RoHS EU directive.
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Electrical Specifications:
Freq. = 3.5
–
6.0 GHz, T
A
= 25°C, Z
0
= 50
Ω
, V
CC
= +5.0 V, V
EE
=
–
5.0 V
Operating Power
3
3.5
–
6.0 GHz
Any Phase State
dBm
dB
—
—
—
—
+25
6.5
—
Insertion Loss
(Any Phase State)
5.0
± 1
Attenuation Variation
RMS Attenuation Error
4
RMS Phase Error
4
Across All Phase States
dB
All Values Relative to Insertion Loss at
Reference Phase
dB
—
—
0.4
3
—
—
All Values Relative to Reference Phase
deg
22.5 Degree Bit
45 Degree Bit
90 Degree Bit
180 Degree Bit
Sum of All Bits
± 1.7
± 1.0
± 2.0
± 3.5
± 2.5
Phase Accuracy
5
Relative to Reference Loss State
deg
—
—
RF Input
RF Output
1.8:1
1.8:1
VSWR
Ratio
—
—
1 dB Compression
Input IP3
Reference State
dBm
dBm
ns
—
—
—
27
45
50
—
—
—
Two
–
tone inputs up to +5 dBm
10% to 90% RF, 90% to 10% RF
T
RISE
, T
FALL
V
CC
V
EE
3.0
–
5.5
—
–
5.0
5.5
–
3.0
—
V
V
IL
V
IH
LOW
–
level input voltage
HIGH
–
level input voltage
0.0
0.3 x V
CC
V
CC
V
µA
V
—
1
0.7 x V
CC
l
IN
(Input Control Current)
V
IN
= V
CC
or GND
—
—
V
OH
V
OL
For serial out;
I
OH
=
–
100 µA
For serial out;
I
OL
= 100 µA
V
CC
–
0.2
—
0.2
—
—
I
CC
V
CONTROL
= V
CC
or GND
µA
—
—
2
(Quiescent Supply Current)
V
EE
min to max
V
IN
= V
IL
or V
IH
I
EE
mA
–
1.0
–
0.1
—
3. Maximum
operating power is the maximum power where the specifications are guaranteed.
4. RMS
is calculated across all 15 amplitude or phase states. Refer to application section for further discussion of this method.
5. This
phase shifter is guaranteed to have monotonic phase shift.
2
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Typical Performance Curves
RF
IN
Return Loss vs. Frequency (All States)
RF
OUT
Return Loss vs. Frequency (All States)
0
-5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.0
360
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
Frequency (GHz)
Frequency (GHz)
RMS Phase Error vs. Frequency
5
RMS Amplitude Error vs. Frequency (0 degree state
reference)
5
10
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
8
6
4
2
0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
Frequency (GHz)
Frequency (GHz)
Phase Error (degrees) vs. State
Amplitude Error (dB) vs. State
15
2.0
3.5 GHz
4.0 GHz
4.5 GHz
5.0 GHz
5.5 GHz
1.5
10
5
1.0
6.0 GHz
0.5
0
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
-5
3.5 GHz
4.0 GHz
4.5 GHz
5.0 GHz
5.5 GHz
6.0 GHz
-10
-15
0
45
90
135
180
225
270
315
0
45
90
135
180
225
270
315
360
State (deg)
State
3
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Typical Performance Curves
Amplitude Variation vs. Phase State
Phase Shift vs. Frequency (Major States)
0
-45
0
-2
-4
-90
-135
-180
-225
-270
-315
-360
-405
-6
-8
-10
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
Frequency (GHz)
Frequency (GHz)
22.5°
45°
67.5°
90°
112.5°
135°
157.5°
180°
205.5°
225°
247.5°
270°
292.5°
315°
337.5°
Sample Board Header Pin Labels
8
Absolute Maximum Ratings
6,7
Input Power
3.5
–
6.0 GHz
27 dBm
V
CC
V
EE
–
0.5 V
≤
V
CC
≤ +7.0
V
–
7.0 V
≤
V
EE
≤ +0.5
V
D1
–
D4, P/S, LE, CLK or
–
0.5 V
≤
V
IN
≤
V
CC
+ 0.5 V
SER IN
SER OUT
–
0.5 V
≤
V
OUT
≤
V
CC
+ 0.5 V
–
40ºC to +85ºC
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
–
65ºC to +150ºC
6. Exceeding
any one or combination of these limits may cause
permanent damage to this device.
7. MACOM
does not recommend sustained operation near these
survivability limits.
8. Sample
board CAD files available by request.
Handling Procedures
Please observe the following precautions to avoid
damage:
Static Sensitivity
Gallium Arsenide and Silicon Integrated Circuits are
sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD) and can
be damaged by static electricity.
Proper ESD
control techniques should be used when handling
these devices.
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Modes of Operation:
Serial and Direct Parallel
Serial Mode
Mode Truth Table
9,10
The serial control interface (SERIN, CLK, LE,
SEROUT) is compatible with the SPI protocol. SPI
mode is activated when P/S is kept high. The 6
–
bit
serial word must be loaded with the MSB first. After
shifting in the 6 bit word, a rising edge on LE will set
the phase shifter to the desired state.
While LE is
high the CLK is masked to protect the data while
implementing the change. SEROUT is SERIN
delayed by 6 clock cycles.
1
0
X
Serial
N/A
Direct Parallel
9. There
are two dummy bits (D1 & D2),
that must be sent in
the serial mode.
This is because the 4 bit phase shifter uses
the same driver as the 6 bit phase shifter.
10. In
the parallel mode, D1 and D2 should be tied to ground or to
V
CC
.
Truth Table (Digital Phase Shifter)
11
When P/S is low, the serial control interface is
disabled. When
P/S is set high, Pins 22, 23, and 24
have the LE, CLK, and SER IN function.
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Reference Phase
In serial mode operation, the outputs will stay
constant while LE is kept low.
22.5°
45°
90°
Direct Parallel Mode
180°
337.5°
The parallel mode is enabled when P/S is set low. In
the direct parallel mode, the phase shifter is
controlled by the parallel control inputs directly.
When P/S is set low, Pins 22, 23, and 24 have the
D3, D2, and D1 function.
11. 0
= CMOS Low; 1 = CMOS High, X is CMOS Low or High.
Serial Interface Timing Characteristics
t
SCK
t
CS
Min. Serial Clock Period
Min. Control Set
–
up Time
Min. Control Hold Time
100
20
100
20
100
20
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
t
CH
20
20
20
t
LS
Min. LE Set
–
up Time
10
10
10
t
LEW
t
LH
Min. LE Pulse Width
10
10
10
Min. Serial Clock Hold Time from LE
Min. LE Pulse Spacing
10
10
10
t
LES
630
630
630
5
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Functionality
Modes of Operation: Serial and Direct Parallel
Serial Input Interface Timing Diagram
t
LS
t
LEW
t
LH
SERIAL
CLK
LE
t
LES
D5
MSB
D0
LSB
CONTROL
WORD
D4
D1
t
CS
t
CH
Lead Free 4
mm 24
–
Lead PQFN
†
†
Reference Application Note S2083 for lead
–
free solder reflow recommendations.
Meets JEDEC moisture sensitivity level 1 requirements.
Plating is 100% matte tin over copper.
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Application Section
Phase shifters such as this product are bidirectional. All prior data in the datasheet shows S(2,1), but the following
pages illustrate typical S(1,2) performance.
By inspection of the posted S
–
Parameters, one can observe that this device will work bidirectionally. Considering
the MMIC topology, this is an expected feature.
Insertion Loss (S12), All States
Insertion Loss (S21), All States
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Application Section
Below is a comparison of unwrapped, normalized phase in both directions.
Insertion Phase (S21), All States
Insertion Phase (S12), All State
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Application Section
To be complete in reviewing phase shifter performance in both directions, error metrics should be discussed.
With phase shifters, both phase and amplitude error are described. Amplitude error describes the state
–
to
–
state
amplitude variation. Phase error describes the delta
–
from ideal phase observed in each state.
Amplitude error can be calculated in two ways. The first is with respect to the 0° or reference state. This can be
called cross
–
error. Another, and perhaps more widely accepted method for calculating amplitude error, is to com-
pare it by frequency to the mean amplitude of all the states as is calculated here. [1]
Amplitude Error (dB) vs. State (S12)
While the above shows amplitude error at particular frequencies vs phase shifter state, another common way to
look at this parameter is error vs frequency.
Amplitude Error Compared to Average Amplitude (S12)
9
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Application Section
Phase error is calculated as the difference between the requested or ideal phase and actual insertion phase. For
example, if 22.5° of shift is desired, and 23.5° is observed, the delta, or error, is 1°.
Phase Error (°) vs. State (S12)
Phase Error (°) vs. Frequency as shown below:
Phase Error compared to ideal (S12)
Following many traces, trying to consider how that will impact a system is difficult. A simpler method is adopted:
RMS Error. It is important to use the right convention when applying an RMS calculation to phase shifter insertion
phase. We compare the raw errors with the mean (error) below.
If we use only the raw phase errors in an RMS error calculation the result will be pessimistic. This is because the
average of the phase errors is not typically zero. Ignoring the mean error would result in an RMS Error that differs
depending on chosen reference state. [1]
[1]
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
Application Section
This graph shows RMS Phase Error in both directions. The traces overlay.
RMS Phase Error (S21 & S12)
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
Frequency (GHz)
RMS Phase Error (S12) (dB)
RMS Phase Error (S21) (dB)
For RMS Error applied to amplitude, both methods are shown below. One method derives error vs the reference
(0°) state, and the other method calculates error vs the mean insertion loss. Forward and reverse conditions
overlay.
RMS Amplitude Error Referencing the Average & the 0°States (S21 & S12)
References:
[1] “
RMS Phase & Amplitude Calculation for Phase
–
shifters
”, 10
–
12
–
2008
T.Fattorini, MACOM DesignGuide
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0007151
Digital Phase Shifter, 4-Bit,
3.5 – 6.0 GHz
MAPS-010145
Rev. V4
MACOM Technology Solutions Inc.
(“
MACOM
”).
All rights reserved.
These materials are provided in connection with MACOM
’
s products as a service to its customers and may be
used for informational purposes only. Except as provided in its Terms and Conditions of Sale or any separate
agreement, MACOM assumes no liability or responsibility whatsoever, including for (i) errors or omissions in these
materials; (ii) failure to update these materials; or (iii) conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to
specifications and product descriptions, which MACOM may make at any time, without notice. These materials
grant no license, express or implied, to any intellectual property rights.
THESE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH NO WARRANTY OR LIABILITY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF MACOM PRODUCTS INCLUDING FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT, ACCURACY OR
COMPLETENESS, OR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHICH MAY
RESULT FROM USE OF THESE MATERIALS.
MACOM products are not intended for use in medical, lifesaving or life sustaining applications. MACOM
customers using or selling MACOM products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully
indemnify MACOM for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale.
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0007151
