STMicroelectronics-ACS120-7ST
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ACS120
Overvoltage protected AC switch (ACS)
Datasheet
–
production data
Applications
AC static switching in appliance control
systems
COM
Drive of low power high inductive or resistive
loads like:
– Relay,
valve, solenoid, dispenser
OUT
– Pump,
fan, micro-motor
G
COM
G
– Defrost
heater
DPAK
TO-220FPAB
OUT
COM
Description
The ACS120 belongs to the AC line switch family.
This high-performance switch circuit is able to
control a load of up to 2 A.
G
COM
OUT
The ACS switch embeds a high-voltage clamping
structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy
and a gate level shifter driver to separate the
digital controller from the main switch. It is
triggered with a negative gate current flowing out
of the gate pin.
TO-220AB
Features
Blocking voltage: V
/ V
= +/- 700 V
RRM
Figure 1. Functional diagram
DRM
Avalanche controlled: V
typ. = 1100 V
OUT
CL
Nominal conducting current: I
= 2 A
T(RMS)
Gate triggering current: I
< 10 mA
GT
High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 500 V/µs
– Needs
no more external protection snubber
or varistor
G
– Enables
equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5
– Reduces
component count up to 80%
– Interfaces
directly with the micro controller
COM
– Eliminates
any gate kick back on the micro-
controller
COM
Common drive reference to connect
to the mains
– Allows
straightforward connection of
several AC switches on same cooling pad
OUT
G
Output to connect to the load.
Gate input to connect to the controller
through gate resistor
March 2022
DS3279 Rev 5
1/17
This is information on a product in full production.
Characteristics
ACS120
1
Characteristics
Table 1. Absolute ratings (limiting values)
for either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT voltage in respect to pin COM voltage
Symbol
V
DRM
/V
RRM
Repetitive peak off-state voltage
Parameter
Value
Unit
700
V
DPAK
T
C
= 119 °C
T
C
= 117 °C
T
C
= 119 °C
t
P
= 20 ms
t
P
= 16.7 ms
t
P
= 10 ms
On-state RMS current full cycle sine wave
50 to 60 Hz
I
T(RMS
TO-220FPAB
TO-220AB
2
A
)
20
21
A
A
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
T
J
initial = 25 °C, full cycle sine wave
I
TSM
I
2
t
Fusing capability
2.6
A
2
s
Repetitive on-state current critical rate of
rise I
G
= 10 mA (t
r
< 100 ns)
dI/dt
T
j
= 125 °C
f = 120 Hz
50
A/µs
V
PP
T
stg
T
J
Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage
(1)
2
kV
°C
°C
°C
Storage temperature range
– 40 to + 150
– 30 to + 125
260
Operating junction temperature range
T
L
Maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s
Table 2. Switch Gate characteristics (maximum values)
Parameter
Symbol
Value
Unit
P
G(AV)
I
GM
Average gate power dissipation
0.1
1
W
A
Peak gate current (t
P
= 20 µs)
V
GM
Peak positive gate voltage (in respect to pin COM)
5
V
Table 3. Thermal resistances
Parameter
Symbol
Value
Unit
(1)
S = 0.5 cm
2
DPAK
70
60
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
R
th (j-a)
Junction to ambient
Junction to case
TO-220FPAB
TO-220AB
DPAK
60
2.6
3.5
2.6
R
th (j-c)
TO-220FPAB
TO-220AB
1. S
= Copper surface under tab
2/17
DS3279 Rev 5
ACS120
Characteristics
Table 4. Parameter description
Parameter description
Symbol
I
GT
V
GT
V
GD
I
H
Triggering gate current
Triggering gate voltage
Non-triggering gate voltage
Holding current
I
L
Latching current
V
TM
V
TO
R
d
Peak on-state voltage drop
On-state threshold voltage
On-state dynamic resistance
I
DRM
/ I
RRM
dV/dt
Maximum forward or reverse leakage current
Critical rate of rise of off-state voltage
Critical rate of rise of commutating off-state voltage
Critical rate of decrease of commutating on-state current
Clamping voltage
(dV/dt)c
(dI/dt)c
V
CL
I
CL
Clamping current
Table 5. Electrical characteristics
Test conditions
Symbol
Values
Unit
I
GT
V
GT
V
GD
I
H
V
OUT
= 12V (DC), R
L
= 140 Ω
V
OUT
= 12V (DC), R
L
= 140 Ω
V
OUT
= V
DRM
, R
L
= 3.3 kΩ
I
OUT
= 100 mA gate open
I
G
= 20 mA
QII -QIII
QII -QIII
T
J
= 25 °C
T
J
= 25 °C
T
J
= 125 °C
T
J
= 25 °C
T
J
= 25 °C
T
J
= 25 °C
T
J
= 125 °C
T
J
= 125 °C
T
J
= 25 °C
Max.
Max.
Min.
10
1
mA
V
0.15
45
V
Max.
Max.
Max.
Max.
Max.
Max.
Max.
Min.
mA
mA
V
I
L
65
V
TM
V
TO
R
d
I
OUT
= 2.8 A, t
p
= 380 µs
1.3
0.85
200
2
V
mΩ
I
DRM
/I
RRM
V
OUT
= 700 V
µA
T
J
= 125 °C
T
J
= 110 °C
T
J
= 125 °C
T
J
= 25 °C
200
500
1
dV/dt
(dI/dt)c
V
CL
V
OUT
= 460 V gate open
V/
µ
s
A/ms
V
(dV/dt)c = 20 V/µs
Min.
I
CL
= 1 mA, t
p
= 1 ms
Typ.
1100
DS3279 Rev 5
3/17
17
Characteristics
ACS120
Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus
RMS on-state current
Figure 3. On-state RMS current versus case
temperature
I
(A)
(RMS)
3ꢄ:ꢅꢀ
T
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
Įꢀ ꢀꢁꢂꢃꢀ
TO-220AB/DPAK
TO-220FPAB
Įꢀ ꢀꢁꢂꢃꢀ
0.6
ꢁꢂꢃ
Į
0.4
0.2
0.0
Į
T
ꢄ&ꢅ
I
(A)
c
T
(RMS)
0
25
50
75
100
125
0.0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
Figure 4. On-state RMS current versus ambient
temperature
Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal
impedance versus pulse duration
I
ꢄ$ꢅ
ꢄ506ꢅ
K = [Z
/R
]
T
th th
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
1.E+00
DPAK
TO-220AB
Z
Įꢀ ꢀꢁꢂꢃꢀ
3ULQWHGꢀFLUFXLWꢀERDUGꢀ)5ꢆ
QDWXUDOꢀFRQYHFWLRQ
6ꢀ ꢀꢃꢇꢈꢀFPð
th(j-c)
TO-220FPAB
DPAK
Z
th(j-a)
1.E-01
1.E-02
TO-220FPAB
TO-220AB
7
D
PE
ꢄ&ꢅ
ꢀ
t (s)
p
1.E-02
1.E-01
1.E+00
1.E+01
1.E+02
1.E+03
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 6. Relative variation of gate trigger,
holding and latching current versus junction
temperature
Figure 7. Relative variation of static dV/dt
versus junction temperature
dV/dt [ T
] / dV/dt [ T
= 125 °C]
I
I
I
[ T
] / I
I
I
[ T
= 25 °C]
j
j
j
G
T
,
H
, L
j
G
T
,
H
, L
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
V
= 460 V
OUT
I
GT
I
/ I
L
H
T (°C)
j
T (°C)
j
25
50
75
100
125
-40 -30 -20 -10
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
100 110 120 130
4/17
DS3279 Rev 5
ACS120
Characteristics
Figure 8. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current versus reapplied
dV/dt (typical values)
Figure 9. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current versus junction
temperature
(dl/dt) [
(dV/dt) ]
/ specified (dl/dt)
c
c
c
(dl/dt) [
T ]
/ (dl/dt)
[ T
= 125 °C]
j
j
c
c
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
T (°C)
2
j
(dV/dt)
(V/μs)
c
0
25
50
75
100
125
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Figure 10. Surge peak on-state current versus
Figure 11. Non repetitive surge peak on-state
number of cycles
current for a sinusoidal pulse with
width t
< 10 ms
p
I
(A)
I
(A)
TSM
TSM
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1000
T initial
= 25 °C
dl/dt limitation = 50 A/μs
j
Non repetitive initial T
= 25 °C
j
I
t=20ms
TSM
One cycle
100
10
1
Repetitive T
= 117 °C
c
TO-220FPAB
Number of cycles
100
t (ms)
p
1
10
1000
0.01
0.10
1.00
10.00
Figure 12. On-state characteristics
(maximum values)
Figure 13. Thermal resistance junction to
ambient versus copper surface under tab
Rth (°C/W)
(j-a)
I
(A)
TM
10.00
1.00
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
T
max:
DPAK
j
Printed circuit board FR4,
copper thickness = 35 μm
V
= 0.85 V
to
R
ꢀ ꢀꢉꢃꢃꢀPȍ
d
T
= 125 °C
j
T
= 25 °C
j
0.10
0.01
S(cm²)
V
TM
(V)
1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
DS3279 Rev 5
5/17
17
AC line switch basic application
ACS120
2
AC line switch basic application
The ACS120 device is well adapted to washing machine, dishwasher, tumble drier,
refrigerator, air-conditioning systems, and cookware. It has been designed especially to
switch on and off low power loads such as solenoid, valve, relay, dispenser, micro-motor,
pump, fan and defrost heaters.
This AC switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be
driven directly by the digital MCU through a resistor as shown on the typical application
diagram.
Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS120 switch can drive,
with no additional turn-off snubber, an inductive load up to 2 A.
Figure 14. Typical application diagram
M
AC Mains
OUT
Vss
Rg
G
MCU
Vdd
COM
2.1
Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS
In comparison with standard Triacs the ACS120 is over-voltage self-protected, as specified
by the new parameter V
. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turn-
CL
off of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical
network.
6/17
DS3279 Rev 5
ACS120
AC line switch basic application
2.2
High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping
With high inductive and low RMS current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very
low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is
lower than I
.
H
current decreases (1). The load current reaches the holding current level I
(2), and the
H
ACS turns off (3). The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current
generator and an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS (4). The current
flows through the ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the
voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage V
. The energy stored in the
CL
inductance of the load is dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose.
When the energy has been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage
value (230 V rms, 50 Hz) (5).
Figure 15. Turn-off operation of the ACS120
Figure 16. ACS120 switch static characteristic
switch with an electro-valve
I
T
4
1
V
PEAK
= V
CL
I
OUT
(5 mA/div)
3
2
3
I
H
V
OUT
(200 V/div)
4
1
V
T
5
V
CL
I
H
2
5
100μs/div
Note:
Same working principle described in item 2.2 is valid for both current directions.
DS3279 Rev 5
7/17
17
AC line switch basic application
ACS120
2.3
Alternating current mains transient voltage ruggedness
The ACS120 switch is able to withstand safely the AC mains transients either by clamping
the low energy spikes or by breaking-over when subjected to high energy shocks, even with
high turn-on current rises. The test circuit shown in
Figure 17
is representative of the final
ACS120 application, and is also used to test the AC switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5
standard conditions. Thanks to the load limiting the current, the ACS120 switch withstands
the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak mains voltage. The protection is based on an
overvoltage crowbar technology. Actually, the ACS120 breaks over safely as shown in
Figure 18
. The ACS120 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch-off
back at the next zero crossing of the current). Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10
times on each AC mains voltage polarity.
Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads
Surge generator = 2 KV
R
generator
Cc
Model of the load
Filtering unit
5ꢀ ꢀꢁꢈꢃꢀȍ
L = 10 μH
OUT
GATE
5Jꢀ ꢀꢉꢉꢃꢀȍ
COM
Figure 18. Current and voltage of the ACS120 during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test with
R, L and V
PP
V
(200 V/div)
T
I
(3 A/div)
T
200 μs
8/17
DS3279 Rev 5
ACS120
Package information
3
Package information
Epoxy meets UL94-V0
Lead-free package
Recommended torque: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m (TO-220AB, TO-220FPAB)
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK
ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
3.1
TO-220FPAB package information
Figure 19. TO-220FPAB package outline
DS3279 Rev 5
9/17
17
Package information
ACS120
Table 6. TO-220FPAB package mechanical data
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters
Inches
(1)
Min.
Max.
Min.
Max.
A
B
4.40
2.50
2.50
0.45
0.75
1.15
1.15
4.95
2.40
10.00
4.60
2.70
2.75
0.70
1.00
1.70
1.70
5.20
2.70
10.40
0.1732
0.0984
0.0984
0.0177
0.0295
0.0453
0.0453
0.1949
0.0945
0.3937
0.1811
0.1063
0.1083
0.0276
0.0394
0.0669
0.0669
0.2047
0.1063
0.4094
D
E
F
F1
F2
G
G1
H
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
Dia.
16.00 Typ.
0.6299 Typ.
28.60
9.80
2.90
15.90
9.00
3.00
30.60
10.60
3.60
1.1260
0.3858
0.1142
0.6260
0.3543
0.1181
1.2047
0.4173
0.1417
0.6457
0.3661
0.1260
16.40
9.30
3.20
1. Inches
only for reference.
10/17
DS3279 Rev 5
ACS120
Package information
3.2
DPAK package information
Figure 20. DPAK package outline
Note:
This package drawing may slightly differ from the physical package. However, all the
specified dimensions are guaranteed.
DS3279 Rev 5
11/17
17
Package information
ACS120
Table 7. DPAK package mechanical data
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters
Typ.
Inches
(1)
Min.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
A1
A2
b
2.18
0.9
2.40
1.10
0.23
0.90
5.46
0.61
0.60
6.22
5.60
6.73
5.50
0.0858
0.0354
0.0012
0.0252
0.1949
0.0181
0.0181
0.2350
0.1949
0.2500
0.1701
0.0945
0.0433
0.0091
0.0354
0.2150
0.0236
0.0236
0.2449
0.2205
0.2650
0.2165
0.03
0.64
4.95
0.46
0.46
5.97
4.95
6.35
4.32
b4
c
c2
D
D1
E
E1
e
2.286
0.0900
e1
H
4.40
9.35
1.0
4.70
10.40
1.78
1.27
1.02
+8°
0.1732
0.3681
0.0394
0.1850
0.4094
0.0701
0.0500
0.0402
+8°
L
L2
L4
V2
0.6
-8°
0.0236
-8°
1. Inches
only for reference.
Figure 21. Footprint (dimensions in mm)
6.7
3.0
3.0
A
4.572
6.7
B
1.6
0.05 A
B
The device must be positioned within
12/17
DS3279 Rev 5
ACS120
Package information
3.3
TO-220AB package information
Figure 22. TO-220AB package outline
Resin gate
0.5 mm max.
protusion
(1)
Resin gate
0.5 mm max.
protusion
(1)
1. Resin
gate position accepted in each of the two position as well as the symmetrical opposites.
DS3279 Rev 5
13/17
17
Package information
ACS120
Table 8. TO-220AB package mechanical data
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters
Inches
(1)
Min.
Max.
Min.
Max.
A
b
4.40
0.61
1.14
0.48
15.25
4.60
0.88
1.70
0.70
15.75
0.1732
0.0240
0.0449
0.0189
0.6004
0.1811
0.0346
0.0669
0.0276
0.6201
b1
c
D
D1
E
1.27 typ.
0.05 typ.
10.00
2.40
4.95
1.23
6.20
2.40
13.00
3.50
10.40
2.70
5.15
1.32
6.60
2.72
14.00
3.93
0.3937
0.0945
0.1949
0.0484
0.2441
0.0945
0.5118
0.1378
0.4094
0.1063
0.2028
0.0520
0.2598
0.1071
0.5512
0.1547
e
e1
F
H1
J1
L
L1
L20
L30
P
Q
16.40 typ.
28.90 typ.
0.6457 typ.
1.1378 typ.
3.75
2.65
3.85
2.95
0.1476
0.1043
0.1516
0.1161
1. Inches
only for reference.
14/17
DS3279 Rev 5
ACS120
Ordering information
4
Ordering information
Figure 23. Ordering information scheme
ACS 1 20 – 7 S B
– TR
ACswitch
Number of switches
Nominal conducting current I
T(RMS)
20 = 2.0 A
Direct repetitive peak off-state voltag
e
V
DRM
7 = 700 V
Gate sensitivity
S = 10 mA
Pac
k
a
ge
B = D
P
A
K
FP
=
T
O
-220F
P
A
B
T
=
T
O
-220AB
Pac
k
i
ng
TR =
T
a
pe and reel
Blank = Tube
Table 9. Ordering information
Order code
Marking
Package
Weight
Base qty
Packing mode
ACS120-7SB
ACS120-7SB-TR
ACS120-7SFP
ACS120-7ST
ACS1207S
ACS1207S
ACS1207S
ACS1207S
DPAK
DPAK
0.32 g
0.32 g
1.9 g
75
2500
50
Tube
T
a
pe and reel
Tube
TO-220FPAB
TO-220AB
1.9 g
50
Tube
DS3279 Rev 5
15/17
17
Revision history
ACS120
5
Revision history
Table 10. Document revision history
Revision Changes
Date
Apr-2004
1
2
Previous release.
28-Jan-2011
Added ECOPACK statement. Updated T
C
values in
T
a
ble 1.
Updated DPAK package information and reformatted to current
standard.
28-May-2014
3
Added pin name on cover page package view and reformatted to
current standard.
02-May-2016
24-Mar-2022
4
5
16/17
DS3279 Rev 5
ACS120
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DS3279 Rev 5
17/17
17
